Ovulation induction is a procedure in which medication is used to stimulate a woman's ovaries to ovulate and produce eggs. Ovulation induction commonly uses fertility drugs to stimulate the follicles in the ovaries in order to produce multiple eggs during each menstrual cycle. This process is often performed as a fertility treatment. With additional control over the timing of egg release, there is a significant increase in the likelihood of fertilization. These medications may be used to assist with fertilization naturally through sexual intercourse, or in conjunction with in vitro fertilization, or IVF. In extreme cases when medication to induce ovulation has been unsuccessful, surgery may also be performed to increase the chances of ovulation.

The medication may be taken for five days after the start of the period, for up to six months. If the patient has not achieved pregnancy after six months, the doctor will reevaluate and likely modify the treatment.

This test monitors the growth of follicles (cysts on the ovary) containing eggs that can be fertilized each month. It also evaluates the lining of the uterus as well as its overall size and shape prior to and once pregnancy has been achieved.